THE SOLAR SYSTEM- SUN

THE SOLAR SYSTEM- SUN

The solar system consists of the sun at the centre and 8 other planets revolving around it in an elliptical path called the orbit. Apart from planets the other revolving bodies around the sun are Satellites, Asteroids, Comets and meteors.

The sun is a star. It emits its own light and heat by the process of Nuclear Fusion. The approximate distance of the sun from the earth is 149,498 million KM this makes it the nearest star to the earth. Sun is the source of electromagnetic radiation. It contains 99.8% of all the matters of the solar system. The age of the sun is believed to be around 4 billion years and it is expected to grow with the same intensity for the next 4 billion years. This hot ball of gases is 1.2 million times larger than the earth. The part of the sun that is visible to us is called Photosphere. The temperature of the photosphere is 6000°C and the temperature of the sun’s core is 15,000,000°C. The corona is the part of the which is visible only during the solar eclipse. The solar eclipse is an alignment in which the New Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth.

  • SOLAR FLARES– The hot gases get dissipated from the outer layer of the sun i.e photosphere as they overcome the sun’s gravity. this storm of gases is known as solar flares. When these solar flares enter the earth’s atmosphere they are pushed towards the poles. Here they collide with the dust particles and air and produce a spectacular colourful effect above the arctic circle in both the hemispheres. At the north pole, it is called Aurora Borealis and at the pole, it is called Aurora Australis. This phenomenon generally occurs in the Ionosphere of the earth’s atmosphere.
  • SOLAR PROMINENCE– The solar prominence can only be seen during the total solar eclipse as the brightness of the sun is reduced. The phenomenon is the eruption of the gases from the sun’s core that reaches the corona.
  • SOLAR WIND– The solar wind is an ionised gas found in the form of a persistent stream of charged particles growing out of the corona. It is made up of hydrogen and helium also called plasma. The solar wind blows at a constant speed of 400 Km/SEC and when it comes in contact with the interstellar medium i.e the solar wind coming from another star it is called Heliopause. The solar wind has a detrimental effect on the satellite orbiting the earth.

FACTS ABOUT SUN

PERIHILION MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM EATH 147 MILLION KILOMETERS. ON 3th JANUARY
APHELION MAXIMUM DISTANCE FROM EATH152.1 MILLION KILOMETERS. ON 4TH JULY
AVERAGE DISTANCE FROM EARTH149,498 MILLION KILOMETERS
SURFACE TEMPERATURE6000°C
CORE’S TEMPERATURE15,000,000°C
ROTATION PERIOD25 DAYS, 9 HOURS 7 MINUTES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONHYDROGEN- 71%, HELIUM-26.6% OTHERS-2.4%
TIME TAKEN BY THE LIGHT TO REACH THE EARTH8 MINUTES

https://youtu.be/jpU9Be7Qwms

Madhvendra Mishra

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